Egg size is a complex, adaptive, and highly polygenic trait. Paired ovaries in Drosophila females consist of multiple, independent, oocyte-producing modules called ovarioles. Changes in egg size are thought to influence maternal fitness, which is correlated with ovariole number in adults. Ovariole number is reported to be determined during the larval-pupal transition phase (LP-phase) by morphogenesis of somatic structures called terminal filaments. Terminal filaments (TFs) are stacks of terminal filament cells (TFCs) that each give rise to an ovariole. Previously, we generated replicate populations of D. melanogaster artificially selected for large and small egg volumes (Miles et al., 2011), and inbred lines were derived from the selected populations. Adult females from multiple inbred lines from the large-egg populations had fewer ovarioles than those from small-egg lines (Jha et al., 2015). Here we use antibody staining and confocal microscopy to examine developing ovaries dissected from LP stage females from these same inbred lines. We expected that the number of TFs would predict the number of ovarioles in adults (Hodin and Riddiford, 2000). Surprisingly, we found that the number of terminal filaments was not an accurate predictor of adult ovariole number in many of these inbred lines. Several of the large-egg lines have significantly more TFs at the LP stage relative to adult ovariole numbers. We include discussion of the implications of this finding. .