PgmNr D1032: A Genetic Dissection of the Drosophila Larval Salivary Gland: A Model for Exocrine Gland Physiology.

Authors:
K. M. Lantz; M. Al-Karawi; V. Zhitny; A. J. Andres


Institutes
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, LAS VEGAS, NV.


Keyword: live imaging

Abstract:

Exocrine glands are important secretory organs that store specialized cargoes in a limited luminal space until they are released later to the exterior of the animal.  The bilobed salivary gland of the Drosophila larva is an excellent model for exocrine tissue physiology because each lobe secretes a mix of highly glycosylated glue proteins into a lumen that is connected to a centralized duct.  The glue will later be expelled from the animal at puparium formation so that the prepupa can cement itself to a solid surface above the food as it completes it metamorphic stages of development.  The stimulus for secretion is a high titer of the insect steroid molting hormone, 20 hydroxyecdysone (20E).  Thus, the hormone sets in motion multiple molecular pathways that connect steroid signaling to calcium signaling and cargo activation. This results in a polarized coordinated movement and exocytosis of glue granules at the apical membrane as the tissue undergoes dramatic changes in cell shape.  While it is understood that 20E is the cause of cargo exocytosis, little is known about these processes at the molecular level.  Using live imaging techniques on cultured dissected tissues compromised for specific genes in the salivary gland, we have begun to identify key components that are 20E regulated.  As expected, these proteins are needed to change intracellular Ca2+ levels and reorganize the cytoskeleton for long- and short-range movement of glue granules during this important aspect of exocrine physiology.